The Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo
January 1812 · The Northern Gateway into Spain
The Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo, in January 1812, lasted only twelve days. The great fortress guarded the northern invasion route from Portugal into Spain, and its rapid capture by Wellington's army astonished Europe and opened the northern gateway for the campaigns of 1812.
Background
The great fortress of Ciudad Rodrigo guarded the northern invasion route from Portugal into Spain. Without it, Wellington could not safely invade.
The Siege
British engineers rapidly opened trenches despite winter conditions. Heavy artillery battered the walls. Once practicable breaches appeared, Wellington ordered an immediate assault. The town fell after fierce street fighting.
Significance
The siege lasted only twelve days. Its rapid success astonished Europe and opened the northern gateway into Spain.
Where This Fits in the Peninsular War
The Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo was fought during the turning point of the war (1812-1813). See where it sits in the full chronology of the campaign, from the first British landings in Portugal to the final battle at Toulouse, on the complete campaign guide.
Page last updated: July 2026