The Napoleonic Archive
The NapoleonicArchive

Timeline

The Napoleonic Era · 1769–1852

46 events
birth1758

Nelson Born

Horatio Nelson born in Burnham Thorpe, Norfolk.

birthMay 1769

Wellington Born

Arthur Wellesley born in Dublin. The future Duke of Wellington.

birthAugust 1769

Napoleon Born

Napoleon Bonaparte born in Ajaccio, Corsica.

politicalJuly 1789

French Revolution Begins

The storming of the Bastille triggers the collapse of the old order in Europe.

politicalJanuary 1793

Execution of Louis XVI

France declares war on Britain. Twenty-two years of conflict begin.

battleMay 1799

Siege of Seringapatam

Tippu Sultan killed. Wellington's first great action in India.

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deathMay 1799

Tippu Sultan Killed

The Tiger of Mysore dies fighting at the northern gate of his fortress.

politicalNovember 1799

Napoleon's Coup

The coup of 18 Brumaire. Napoleon becomes First Consul of France.

battleJune 1800

Battle of Marengo

Napoleon defeats Austria, securing his political position as First Consul.

political1802

Treaty of Amiens

Brief peace between Britain and France. The only break in 22 years of war.

politicalMay 1803

War Resumes

Britain declares war on France. The Napoleonic Wars officially begin.

battleSeptember 1803

Battle of Assaye

Wellington's bloodiest battle. He called it the hardest fighting he ever saw.

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politicalDecember 1804

Napoleon Crowned Emperor

Napoleon crowns himself Emperor at Notre Dame. Pope Pius VII attends.

battleOctober 1805

Battle of Trafalgar

Nelson destroys the Franco-Spanish fleet. British naval supremacy for a century.

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deathOctober 1805

Nelson Killed

Admiral Horatio Nelson shot at Trafalgar. Dies below decks on Victory.

battleDecember 1805

Battle of Austerlitz

Napoleon's masterpiece. The Third Coalition shattered in a single day.

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political1806

Continental System

Napoleon attempts to blockade Britain economically. All Europe must comply.

political1807

Treaty of Tilsit

Napoleon at the height of his power. Russia becomes an ally.

political1808

Peninsular War Begins

Napoleon invades Spain. Joseph Bonaparte placed on the throne. Six years of war begin.

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battleAugust 1808

Battle of Vimeiro

Wellesley's first Peninsular victory. British musketry destroys French columns.

battleJanuary 1809

Battle of Corunna

Moore's army escapes. Sir John Moore killed on the ridge above the port.

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deathJanuary 1809

Sir John Moore Killed

Struck by a cannonball at Corunna. Buried at midnight by his soldiers.

battleJuly 1809

Battle of Talavera

Wellington holds the line in furnace heat. Created Viscount for the victory.

battle1810

Lines of Torres Vedras

Wellington's defensive masterpiece. Massena starved out of Portugal.

battleJanuary 1812

Ciudad Rodrigo Stormed

The first of the great sieges. Craufurd mortally wounded in the breach.

battleApril 1812

Siege of Badajoz

The bloodiest night of the Peninsular War. 4,800 British casualties.

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politicalJune 1812

Napoleon Invades Russia

685,000 men cross the Niemen. Fewer than 100,000 will return.

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battleJuly 1812

Battle of Salamanca

Wellington defeats 40,000 men in 40 minutes. Madrid liberated.

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battleSeptember 1812

Battle of Borodino

The bloodiest day: 70,000 casualties. Napoleon refuses to commit the Guard.

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battleJune 1813

Battle of Vitoria

French rule in Spain ends. Joseph Bonaparte's treasure captured.

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battleOctober 1813

Battle of Leipzig

The Battle of Nations. 600,000 men. Napoleon's German empire collapses.

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politicalApril 1814

Napoleon Abdicates

Exiled to Elba. Louis XVIII restored. The Empire is over. Or is it.

politicalMarch 1815

Napoleon Escapes Elba

The Hundred Days begin. Louis XVIII flees. The army rallies to Napoleon.

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battle16 June 1815

Battle of Ligny

Napoleon defeats Blucher. His last victory.

battle16 June 1815

Battle of Quatre Bras

Ney fails to defeat Wellington. A crucial missed opportunity.

battle18 June 1815

Battle of Waterloo

Nine hours. The Guard broken. The Empire falls. The wars end.

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politicalJune 1815

Napoleon Abdicates Again

Second abdication. Surrenders to the British. Exiled to St Helena.

deathMay 1821

Napoleon Dies

Dies on St Helena aged 51. The era is finally over.

deathSeptember 1852

Wellington Dies

The Duke of Wellington dies aged 83. State funeral at St Paul's.

sharpe1981

Sharpe's Eagle Published

The first Sharpe novel. Talavera 1809. Bernard Cornwell launches the series.

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sharpe1997

Sharpe's Tiger Published

Seringapatam 1799. First in chronological order. Where Sharpe's story begins.

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sharpe1998

Sharpe's Triumph Published

Assaye 1803. Sharpe saves Wellesley's life and earns his commission.

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sharpe1999

Sharpe's Fortress Published

Gawilghur 1803. The cliff fortress and the end of Sharpe's India years.

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sharpe2000

Sharpe's Trafalgar Published

Sharpe at the greatest sea battle ever fought. 1805.

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sharpe2001

Sharpe's Prey Published

Copenhagen 1807. The bombardment and the Danish fleet.

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sharpe2003

Sharpe's Havoc Published

Oporto 1809. Sharpe in Portugal.

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